Spain introduces new road rules to help safeguard cyclists

Starting on 1 October 2026, cyclists in Spain will have improved protection under new traffic rules.

The changes form part of a major reform of Spain’s General Traffic Regulations, with the government emphasising the importance of protecting vulnerable road users and supporting walking and cycling in urban areas.

When cyclists are overtaken outside built-up areas, riders experience considerable changes. Drivers passing cyclists must reduce their speed by at least 20km/h below the speed limit and keep a minimum lateral distance of 1.5 metres. If there is more than one lane in each direction, the driver must move into a full lane when overtaking.

The rules also regard a group of cyclists as constituting a single moving unit when they are being overtaken.

Similar major changes take place in urban areas. Where there is no dedicated cycleway, bicycles usually use the road, and cyclists are encouraged to position themselves close to the centre of the lane when safe to do so.

Motorists in the same lane as a cyclist must keep at least five metres between their vehicle and the cyclist.

Cyclists can also overtake motor vehicles on either side when traffic is heavy to reach an advanced waiting area. Where there is only one lane and the speed limit is 30km/h or less, local authorities may allow bicycles to use both directions, provided the appropriate signs are in place.

The reforms clarify where bicycles are permitted, usually banning cycling on footpaths but allowing local authorities to decide on other areas used by pedestrians.

The rules regarding helmets are being altered, and it is now necessary for professional cyclists who use bicycles in their work to wear an approved helmet when in urban areas and in built-up crossings.